Before plugging a flowing well, what procedure may be necessary if the well is not contained by casing?

Making the well static with heavy mud or cement is vital before plugging a flowing well that lacks casing to ensure that the flow of water is adequately controlled. This procedure involves introducing a heavy fluid, such as cement or mud, into the well to counteract the hydrostatic pressure of the flowing water. By doing so, it effectively stabilizes the well and prevents uncontrolled flow, which is essential for safely sealing the well.

Utilizing heavy mud or cement serves multiple purposes: it creates a barrier that prevents the water from surging uncontrollably, allows for a more secure and successful plugging process, and helps to minimize the risk of contamination of surrounding groundwater resources. When the flow is managed and the well becomes static, any subsequent plugging efforts can be performed more safely and effectively, ensuring the integrity of the well and the surrounding environment.