What must be done if a well flows at land surface?

When a well flows at the land surface, equipping it with a control valve is essential for several reasons. A control valve allows the management of water flow, which is crucial in preventing waste and ensuring that the well's water is used efficiently according to the needs of the landowner. This is particularly important to minimize the risk of flooding or erosion that uncontrolled flow can cause.

Additionally, a control valve aids in maintaining the integrity of the well system. By allowing for regulated access, it can help prevent contamination of the water supply by restricting surface runoff and maintaining water quality. It also provides the ability to shut off the flow when necessary for maintenance or emergencies.

While leaving a well to flow freely might seem like a straightforward option, it can lead to unnecessary water loss and a range of other potential issues. Options like capping or filling with cement completely inhibit the flow and use of the well, which are not practical solutions if the well is intended for ongoing use. Therefore, the most responsible and effective action for a flowing well is to install a control valve.